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§consigli di lettura: Le finestre di fronte

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LE FINESTRE DI FRONTE di Georges Simenon, 1985, Adelphi, Milano. Traduzione di Paola Zallio Messori

Il pericolo che incarna nel proprio corpo il virus della minaccia

Siamo a Batum, sul Mar Nero, nei primi anni di Stalin. Adil bey è il nuovo console turco. Comincia a guardarsi intorno. Entra nel suo ufficio, «sporco di quella sporcizia lugubre che si ritrova nelle caserme e in certi uffici pubblici». Dà un’occhiata fuori e vede due persone affacciate alla finestra di fronte. «Prendevano il fresco, nell’oscurità, in silenzio». Più tardi vedrà il punto rosso di una sigaretta nel buio di quella finestra. Adil bey avverte subito un invincibile disagio, in quella città desolante, dove tutto lo respinge, dove ogni significato è dubbio e sfuggente. E si sente preso in una rete: sguardi, mezze parole, contrattempi, scene intraviste. Capisce di essere un insetto condannato a contemplare la ragnatela che lo imprigiona. Continua a guardare le finestre di fronte, con maggiore curiosità di quella che mostrano gli altri a osservare lui. Spia le spie, e intanto anche il suo corpo sembra intaccato, una cupa rabbia si unisce alla paura

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Ogni cittadino controlla l’altro. I russi controllano i georgiani, ognun di loro è sorvegliato dalla polizia segreta. L’uscita e l’entrata dalla città doveva essere certificata. Un documento per richiedere il servizio di una cameriera, di un idraulico, di una segretaria. Il console lavora traducendo le file della persona, in atti amministrativi che quasi mai vengono accolti dalle autorità sovietiche. Fogli che richiamano i fogli, dove le persone si trasformano in timbri e in firme.

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Tutti hanno paura di essere infettati dall’accusa di cospirare contro il comunismo, contro i russi, contro l’Unione Sovietica. Lo stile di Simenon è diretto, immaginifico a partire però dalle sensazioni fisiche dei protagonisti. È un libro scritto nel 1933 e nel mondo non si conosceva appieno cosa stesse diventando con Stalin, l’Unione Sovietica. Georges Simenon ha una capacità visionaria eccezionale da configurare realisticamente ciò che negli anni a venire sarebbe diventata la prassi del controllo carcerario di ogni aspetto della società sovietica. Se si pensa che stiamo parlando di uno scrittore che riusciva a scrivere decine e decine di pagine in un giorno solo, si rimane meravigliati dalla sua capacità sovrannaturale, quasi, di narrare intrecci e dialoghi in parallelo, man mano che sviluppava in tempo reale la storia.

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“[…] Per lui la città era qualcosa di vivo, una persona che si era rifiutata di accoglierlo, o meglio che lo aveva ignorato, lo aveva lasciato vagare per le strade, tutto solo, come un cane rognoso. La detestava, come si detesta una donna che si sia corteggiata invano. Si accaniva a scoprirne le tare. Era una passione triste, senza contropartite. […]”.

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“[…] «Da tre settimane a Batum non si trovano patate. E intanto all’Hôtel Lenin, dove alloggiano gli alti funzionari, servono caviale fresco, champagne francese, kakliks». «È per gli stranieri». «Ma se non ne arrivano due in tutto l’anno!». «E da voi, i ministri non mangiano meglio degli acquaioli?». […]”

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Le donne, e stiamo parlando del 1933, tutte cercano di sopravvivere, di ragionare, e di tessere strategie di alleanze, affari, e fughe. Si rimane sinceramente ammirati dal rispetto che Georges Simenon ha della donna, raffigurandola autonoma nelle sue deliberazioni in modo secco, non compiacente, ma reale allo stesso titolo che vale per gli uomini.

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“[…] non fiatare! Ci si fa la propria tana. Ci si crea le proprie abitudini. Si arriva persino a non pensare più se non a sprazzi, in modo vago, come quando si sogna. […]”

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“[…] Nella notte aveva sudato abbondantemente benché fosse poco coperto, una cosa che gli capitava sempre più spesso. Talvolta si chiedeva se avesse mai sudato in quel modo, tempo addietro. Frugava nei ricordi ma non rammentava di essersi qualche volta svegliato madido di sudore in lenzuola umidicce. Soprattutto non rammentava di essersi alzato più stanco della sera prima. Ebbene, ora succedeva tutti i giorni. Restava un bel po’ con lo sguardo fisso davanti a sé prima di sentirsi dentro la forza di vivere. Era imbruttito; aveva la bocca amara, di un amaro che non conosceva. […]”

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Interessante rilevare la critica indiretta agli italiani, quando scrive che il console italiano e la consorte ritornano in patria per Natale, con l’imbarcazione di nome “Aventino”. In quell’anno la dittatura vista in modo ambivalente nel mondo era quella italiana. Ed è sottile la critica di Georges Simenon sugli italiani che avviano rivoluzioni finte, e che le vere rivolte sono rimandate con un ritiro diplomatico che sa di fuga. L’immagine di un popolo cerchiobottista, sempre incline al tradimento.

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“[…] E poi c’era il mare, che non assomigliava affatto a un mare né a qualcos’altro. Era un grigiore sconfinato, un vuoto che esalava soffi umidi: non si formavano onde sulla riva, non si udiva lo sciabordio. Era piatto come uno stagno, costellato di migliaia di piccoli cerchi disegnati dalle gocce di pioggia, migliaia di migliaia, fino all’orizzonte, fino in Turchia e forse più lontano ancora. […]”

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“[…] Era rimasto solo, Adil bey, nella città battuta dalla pioggia, popolata di gente rintanata dietro le finestre oscurate da cartoni al posto dei vetri. […]”

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“[…] Ridevano ancora, dal capitano, quando Adil bey, tornato nella sua cabina, girò l’interruttore elettrico e meccanicamente guardò l’oblò, quasi a sincerarsi che non ci fossero più finestre di fronte. […]”

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Un libro che offre all’inizio un virus che potrebbe aggredire ognuno dall’esterno dagli occhi del vicino, dalle strade malsicure, per le quali si è obbligati ad uscire, non avvertendo invece che il veleno sta dentro casa.

65 commenti su “§consigli di lettura: Le finestre di fronte”

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